laboratory measurements confirmed that most modules retained over 80% of their initial nominal power after 30–35 years in the field. These findings highlight the durability of early 1990s module designs featuring EVA encapsulants, Tedlar backsheets, and robust framed glass/foil structures, supporting lower levelised cost of energy (LCOE), reduced carbon footprints, and extended performance warranties.
laboratory measurements confirmed that most modules retained over 80% of their initial nominal power after 30–35 years in the field. These findings highlight the durability of early 1990s module designs featuring EVA encapsulants, Tedlar backsheets, and robust framed glass/foil structures, supporting lower levelised cost of energy (LCOE), reduced carbon footprints, and extended performance warranties.